Box



Oct. :51, 1939.

P. F. BOEYE BOX Filed Sept. 28, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet l which willPatented 0a. 31, 1939 UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE BOX Paul F. Boeye, St.Paul, Minn, assignor to Waldorf Paper Products Company, St. Paul, Minn,acorporation of Minnesota Application September as, 1936, Serial No.102.915

1 Claims. (01. 229-23) My invention relates to boxes and particularly toboxes utilizing paper panels reinforced with wood or similar materialsand has for an object to provide an improved construction of such typebe light in weight, yet highly serviceable.

Another object vof the invention resides in forming the walls of the boxin sections, the sections being constructed in a manner to permit ofeasy handling and being collapsibleintocompact form when not desired foruse.

A still further object of the invention resides in providing a. boxhaving a separate top and bottom with the adjoining lateral wallsarranged in sections, each section comprising an end and a side wall.

An object of the invention resides in constructing the walls of the boxwith panels having cleats on both sides thereof and in providing hingemeans between the adjacent walls of each section whereby the walls maybe extended into. position for erection or may be folded back upon eachother when not desired for use.

A feature of the invention resides in constructing the box so that thecleats on the facing surfaces of the walls of each folded section do notinterfere with one another when the walls of the.

section are collapsed.

An object of the invention resides in providing two spaced scores at thehinged corners of the sectionsby means of which the walls may be broughtinto overlying position.

Another object of the invention resides in arranging the cleats on thefacing surface of one wall of a section in staggered relation with-respect to the cleats on the facing surface of the other wall of thesection.

Other objects of the invention reside in the novel combination andarrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafterillustrated and/or described.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a perspectiveview of a box illustrat view taken on line 1-8 ofFig. 3.

Fig. 7 is a view'similar to Fig. 6 taken on line 1-1 ofFig. 3.

Fig. 8 is a plan view of the section when collapsed.

Fig. 9 is an elevational view of the section shown in Fig. 2 extendedand viewed from the exterior thereof.

Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9 viewed from the interior of thesection.

Fig. 11 is a plan view of the top of the box.

Fig. 12 is an inverted view of the top of the box.

Fig. 13 is a plan view of the bottom of the box. Fig. 14 is an invertedview of the bottom of the box.

Fig. 15 is a view similar to Fig. 1 of a modification of the invention.I Fig. 16 is a view similar to Fig. 8 of one of the sections used in thebox illustrated in Fig. 15.

My invention as shown in the drawings comprises a top III, a bottom I Iand four lateral walls l2, l3, I4 and I5, connected therewith. For thesake of explanation the two lateral walls I! and I4 will be referred toas end walls and the two lateral walls l3 and IE will be referred to assid walls.

The lateral walls of the box are constructed in two sections it and I!which are identical in construction. Section It includes the two wallsI2 and I3 while section I! includes the two walls i4 and IS. The wallsof each section are adapted to be folded into extended position for useas shown in Fig. 2 in which position said walls are attached to the topand bottom llland II. The adjoining portions of the walls of eachsection are secured together in a manner to be subsequently described indetail. When the sections are not desired to be erected the walls of thesaid sections may be folded into overlying position as shown in Fig. 8in which a compact construction is provided permitting of collapsing thebox into a minimum amount of space. Only one of these sections, thesection I6, has been illustrated in detail and will be described.

The section It is constructed from a sheet of material It which may be-flber board, corrugated board,"or any suitable paper product or anyother suitable material such as ply wood. The sheet I8 as shown in Fig.9 is formed intermediate its lateral edges II and 22 with two scores 23and 24 which are spaced apart a certain distance to be subsequentlyreferred to.

' These'scores are parallel to the lateral edges 2| and 22 and dividethe sheet into two panels 25 and 26- which form parts of the walls l2and I3. Upon the inner surface 21' of the wall I: are

attached transversely extending cleats 28, 29, 3| and 32. Cleat 28 isdisposed along the upper edge 38 of the sheet I8 while cleat 32 isdisposed along the lowermost edge 39 of the sheet. The two cleats 29 and3| are disposed intermediate the cleats 28 and 32 and are paralleltherewith. On the inner surface 21 of the panel I3 are attached similarcleats 33, 34, 35, 36 and 31. The cleats 33, 34 and 35 lie in alignmentwith the cleats 28, 29 and 3|. The cleats 36 and 31 are spaced from oneanother to leave a space 4| therebetween. The combined width of thesecleats is substantially equal to the width of the cleat 32. Cleat 31 isdisposed at the lowermost edge 39 of the sheet the same as the cleat 32so that these two cleats lie in alignment with said cleat 32. All of thetransverse cleats of the box are constructed at each end with tongues 42and with notches 43 adjacent the same. The tongues 42 of each cleatengage in the notches 43 of the juxtaposed cleats so that the corners ofthe cleatsare interlocked.

Upon the exterior surface 48 of the panel 26 are disposed fourlongitudinally extending cleats 44, 45, 46 and 41. All of these cleatsare parallel with the scores 23 and 24 and the lateral, edge 22 of thepanel. The cleat 44 is disposed adjacent the lateral edge 22 of thesheet l8 and the cleat 41 is disposed in close proximity to the score23. The cleats 45 and 46 are arranged in spaced relation intermediatethe cleats 44 and 45. The longitudinal cleats 44, 45, 46 and 41 areattached to the transverse cleats 33, 34, 36 and 31 by nailing the sametogether through the panel 26. On the exterior surface 48 of the panel25 are provided three vertically extending cleats 5|, 52 and 53. All ofthese cleats are parallel with the cleats 44, 45, 46 and 41 and with thescores 23 and 24. The cleat 53 is situated adjacent the edge 2| of thesheet I8while the cleat 5| is positioned in spaced relation to the cleat41, and a distance away from the score 24 for a purpose to be presentlymore fully described. Cleat 52 is disposed intermediate the cleats 5|and 53. All of these longitudinal cleats are nailed to the cleats 28,39, 4| and 32, the same as the cleats on the panel 26..

When the walls I2 and I3 of the section I6 are folded into erectedposition, as shown in Fig. 2, the sheet I8 bends along the score 23 asillustrated. The score lines 23 and 24 are spaced apart a distance notless than the thickness of the longitudinal cleats so that when thepanels are folded in the opposite direction as shown in Fig. 8, foldingof the sheet occurs at the two scores. The cleat 5| is spaced from thecleat 41 a distance not less than the sum of the width and thickness ofthe, cleat 41. This causes the two cleats 41 and 5| to lie adjacent oneanother, edge to edge, as shown in Fig. 8 instead of overlying oneanother as would have been the case had the cleat 5| been closer to thecleat 41 than specified. The cleats 52, 53, 45 and 46 are arranged sothat said cleats become staggered when the structure is folded, as shownin Fig. 8. In other words the cleats 5| and 52 lie in the spaces formedbetween cleats 44 and 45 and cleats 45 and 46. Likewise cleat 5| lies inthe space formed between the cleats 46 and 41. In this manner thesection may be collapsed and folded into a compact structure so as tooccupy a minimum amount of space when not desired for use.

In the erection of the box the two sections I6 and I1 are securedtogether by means of the cleats 44 and 53. It will be noted that thecleat 44 is considerably wider than the other longitudinal cleats. Forsecuring the parts together screws 54 are used which extend through thecleat 44 and are screwed into the cleat 53. This holds the two sectionssecurely attached to one another.

The top I0 shown in Figs. 11 and 12 consists of a panel 55 similar tothe panels used in sec tions I6 and I1. This panel has attached to theupper surface 56 thereof a number of longitudinally extending cleats 51,58, 59 and 60. Cleats 51 and 69 are disposed at the lateral edges 86 ofthe panel 55 while cleats 58 and 59 lie intermediate the cleats 51 and60. All of the cleats are parallel to one another and are of a lengthgreater than the length of the panel by twice the thickness of thecleats 28. In other words, these cleats 51, 58, 59 and 60 have portions1| at their ends which project beyond the end edges 81 of the panel 55 adistance substantially equal to the thickness of the cleats 58. Upon theunder surface 63 of the panel 55 are disposed two transversely extendingcleats 64 and 65 which are disposed at the edges 81 of the panel. Thesecleats are of a length equal to the width of the panel 55. The cleats51, 58, 59 and 60 are secured to the cleats 64 and 65 by nailing, thenails extending through the panel 55. It will be noted that the lengthof the panel 55 is exactly equal to the distance between the two cleats28 when the two sections I6 and I1 are assembled, so that the two cleats64 and 65 fit snugly in between the cleats 28. The cleats 28 areconstructed with notches 66, 61, 68 and 69 which receive the protrudingends 1| of the cleats 51, 58, 59 and 60 as shown in Fig. 1 when thestructure is assembled. The

' width of the panel 55 is equal to the distance between the cleats 33when the sectlons I6 and III are assembled sothat the cleats 51 and 6|]fit snugly up against the cleats 33. In this manner a tight closure forthe upper end of the box is provided.

The bottom I I of the box is best shown in Figs. 13 and 14, and consistsof a panel 12 similar to the panel 55. This panel has secured to theupper surface 13 thereof two longitudinally extending cleats 14 and 15which are considerably wider than the cleats 51 etc. of the top I0.These cleats have ends 16 which project outwardly beyond the end edges84 of the panel 12 and are so disposed that the marginal portions 11thereof extend outwardly beyond the lateral edges 85 of the panel 12.Upon the under surface 18 of the panel 12 are arranged three transversecleats 8|, 82 and 83 of which the cleats BI and 82 are dis posed attheend edges 84 of the panel. These cleats extend up to the lateraledges 85 of the panel. Cleats 8|, 82 and 83 are of substantialproportions and serve as skids for supporting the box and contents onthe surface on which the box rests. The cleats 14 and 15 are nailed tothe skids BI, 82 and 83 and the nails used for the purpose extendthrough the panel 12. The size of the panel 12 is such as to besnuglyreceived between the cleats 32 and 36 of the sections I6 and I1 when thesaid sections are assembled.

In the cleats 32 of panels 25 are formed recesses 88. These recesses areof such dimensions as to receive the ends 16 of the cleats 14 and 15. Bymeans of this construction the bottom H is held from longitudinalmovement with respect to the end walls I2 and I3 and is at the same timeheld from transverse movement with respect thereto. Extending across thetwo cleats 45 and 46 and disposed on the inner surface 21 of the -of thebottom II with respect to the walls 13 and iii. The keys 8| furtherengage the ends of the portions lformed by the recesses 92 and 93 andprevent transverse movement of the bottom with respect to the side wallsof the box. It will thus be seen that the bottom H is held from movementin any direction with respect to the lateral walls of the box.

It will be noted in the drawings that the cleats 8|, 82 and 83 are ofgreater depth than the cleats 31. This causes the lowermost edges of thePanels 25 and 28 to be elevated above the floor or other surface onwhich the box rests so as to pre- .vent moisture from coming in contactwith the panels thereof and causing injury to the same when the panelsare constructed of paper.

.'In using the box the bottom II is first placed on the floor and thearticle to be enclosed within the box is placed upon the same. The wallsof one of the sections, for example section l6, which are normallydisposed as shown in Fig. 8 are opened up and folded into the positionsshown in Fig. 2. There being but two walls to the section, the sectioncan. be easily'handled and is placed in position with the ends "of thecleats I4 and 15 received in recesses 18 in cleat 32 andwith themarginal portions 11] of cleat ll re-' ceived in the spaces 41 betweencleats 36 and-31,

The parts so arranged, if desired, may be te'mporarily held in positionby driving nails through the panels 25 and 26 and into the cleats. 14and- 15. Section I1 is next applied in-the same man- -ner. Aiter thissection is i'n'position, screws 54 may be screwed through the panels 44and into the panels 53. This attaches the two sections togather and tothe bottom. suitable'packing ma-' terial may thereafterbe placed betweenthe object within the boxand the walls of the box and 1 after thepacking of the same is completed, the

and 16 the construction is substantially the same as that shown inFig. 1. For this reason the description of the corresponding parts willnot be r'epeated'and the same reference numerals will be toindic'ateidentical parts. In this form of "the {inventionidiagonalcleats M are used in conjt'mction thecleats ll, 41, 5| and 53. These.aiidi r'ea lirstiflen the Wal s-' the box giving 75 {we considerablymoreglateral rigidity. Due to 'the use of thesecleats the cleats cannotbe arranged in-staEEBred relation as previously described-and in thefolding of the sections in overlying position the cleats of one walloverlie the cleats of the other wall. To permit of the folding of thesection in a manner to provide a compact structure the two scores 23 and24 are spaced apart a distance equal to the combined thickness of thecleats on the two walls of the section. This construction is shown inFig. 16 in which the two walls have been illustrated as shown intooverlying position. V

The advantages of my invention are manifest. When the boxes areconstructed at the factory the same are collapsed into compact form and,

improved construction the parts can be used a number of times so thateconomy in the shipping of goods in the boxes will result. Boxesembodying my invention can be constructed at an extremely economicalcost and are sufiiciently rigid and serviceable for the intendedpurpose.

Changes in the specific form of my invention, as herein disclosed, maybe made within-the scope of what is claimed without departing from thespirit of my invention.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to protectby Letters Patent is: 1. A box including a section forming two of thewalls of the box, said section comprising a sheet of material scoredalong two spaced parallel lines intermediate two of the edges thereof todivide the sheet into two panels and to form a hinge structure betweenthe panels by means of which the panels may be folded into overlyingposition,

cleats attached to said sheet on one side thereof,

someof said cleats being parallel withthe scores and'situated inproximity thereto, cleats on the other side of the sheet secured to thesheet and first named cleats to permitof folding the sheet with thepanels in overlyingparalle'l relation and v with the first named cleats;therebetwe'enj 2. A box including a section forming'a plurality of thewalls-of the box, said section comprising a sheet of materialconstructed with two spaced parallel scores to provide two juxtaposedpanels one on each side of the scores, and to form a hinge Y structurebetween the panels by means of which the panels-may be folded intooverlying position, a cleat attached to said sheet'on one side thereof,said clat being situated outwardly of the hinge structure, cleats on theother side of the sheet one on each panel, said second named cleatshaving engaged portions preventing folding of the sheet with the panelsin parallel relation and with the second named cleats between thepanels, the distancebetween said scores'belng not less than thethickness of thefirst namedcleat to permit of folding the sheet with thepanels in overlying parallel relation and with the first named cleattherebetween.

3. A box including a section forming a plurality of the walls of thebox, said section comprising a sheet of material weakened in a manner topermit the sheet to bend along two spaced parallel lines and to provide.two juxtaposed panels one on each side of the lines and a hingestructure therebetween by meansv of which the panels may be folded intooverlying position, a cleat attached to said sheet on one side thereofsituated outwardly of said hinge-structure, cleats on the other side ofthe sheet one on each panel, said second named cleats having portionspreventio occupy a minimum amount of space. With my ing folding of thesheet with the panels in parallel relation and with the second namedcleats between the panels, the distance between said lines being notless than the thickness of the first named cleat to permit of foldingthe panels in overlying parallel relation and with the first named cleattherebetween.

4. A box including a section forming a plurality of the walls of thebox, said section com prising a sheet of material weakened in a mannerto permit the sheet to bend along two spaced parallel lines and toprovide two juxtaposed panels one on each side of the lines and a hingestructure therebetween by means of which the panels may be folded intooverlying position, a cleat attached to said sheet on one side thereofsituated outwardly of said hinge structure, means on the other side ofthe sheet preventing folding of the sheet with the panels in parallelrelation and with said means between the panels, the distance betweensaid lines being not less than the thickness of the cleat to permit offolding the sheet with the panels in overlying parallel relation andwith the cleat therebetween.

5. A box including a section forming a plurality of the walls of thebox, said section comprising a sheet of material weakened in a manner topermit the sheet to bend along two spaced parallel lines and to providetwo juxtaposed panels one on each side of the lines and a hingestructure therebetween by means of which the panels may be folded intooverlying position, reinforcing means on one side of the sheetprojecting outwardly beyond the sheet, means on the other side of thesheet preventing folding of the sheet with the panels in parallelrelation and with said means between the panels, the distance betweensaid lines being not-less than the amount of projection of thereinforcing member beyond the sheet to permit of folding the sheet withthe panels in overlying parallel relation and with said reinforcingmeans therebetween.

6. A box including a section forming a plurality of the walls of thebox, said section comprising a sheet of material weakened in a manner topermit the sheet to bend along two spaced parallel lines and to providetwo juxtaposed panels one on each side of the lines and a hingestructure therebetween by means of which the panels may be folded intooverlying position, a cleat on one of said panels disposed along one oisaid lines, a second cleat on the same side of the sheet and on theother of the panels parallel with and spaced from the adjacent line adistance not less than the width of said first named cleat, means on theother side of the sheet preventing folding of the sheet with the panelsin parallel relation and with said means between the panels, thedistance'between said lines being not less than the thickness of thethicker of said first and second named cleats to permit of folding thesheet with the panels in overlying parallel relation and with the firstand second named cleats therebetween and staggered relative to oneanother.

7. A box including a section forming a plurality of the walls of thebox, said section comprising a sheet of material weakened in a manner topermit the sheet to bend along two spaced parallel lines and to providetwo juxtaposed panels one on each side of the lines and a hingestructure therebetween by means of which the panels may be folded intooverlying position, a cleat on one side of the sheet and situated on oneof said panels, said cleat being parallel to said lines, a cleat on thesame side of the sheet and disposed on the other of said panels, saidcleat being parallel with said first named cleat and spaced from theadjacent line a distance not less than the distance between the remoteedge of the first cleat and the line adjacent thereto, means on theother side of the sheet preventing folding of the sheet with the panelsin parallel relation and with said means between the panels, thedistance between said lines being not less than the thickness of thethicker of the cleats to permit of folding the sheet with the panels inoverlying parallel relation and with the first and second named cleatstherebetween and staggered relative to one another.

PAUL F. BOEYE.

